Quick recall · 149 cards
Short MCQ-style retrieval prompts. Tap a card to reveal the answer.
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
All crows are black birds. All black birds are loud. Which of the following conclusions logically follows?
A · A. All crows are loud.
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Four people - Paul, Brian, Liam, and Owen - finished a race in some order. Paul and Brian finished before Liam. Owen did not finish last. Who finished last?
C · C. Liam
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
All cats are mammals. All mammals are animals. Statement A: Some animals are cats. Statement B: All cats are animals. Which statement(s) logically follow from the premises?
C · C. Both A and B.
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
In a company, productivity in January was 100 toys, February 200 toys, March 300 toys. Which of the following must be true based on this information?
C · C. There was a difference of one hundred toys between February and January.
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Identify the type of reasoning used in the following statement: 'I got up at nine o’clock for the past week. I will get up at nine o’clock tomorrow.'
B · Inductive
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Identify the type of reasoning used in the following statement: 'James Cameron’s last three movies were successful. His next movie will be successful.'
B · Inductive
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Every President of the United States has been male. The next two Presidents of the United States will be men. Identify the type of reasoning.
B · Inductive
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
The World Cup is held every four years. The last time it was held was in 2006. The next World Cup will be in 2010. Identify the type of reasoning.
A · Deductive
PYQ · 2026
Tap to reveal →
Complete the sequence by selecting the next figure. Refer to the diagram below for the sequence of shapes.
C · C
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
drip : gush :: dent : ?
(A) cry : laugh
(B) curl : roll
(C) stream : tributary
(D) destroy
D · destroy
Dripping is minor liquid flow and gushing is major; in the same way, denting is minor damage and destroying is major. Hence, option D is the correct answer.
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
A compass is related to direction as a dictionary is related to ?
(A) Language
(B) Education
(C) Words
(D) Reading
C · Words
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
marathon : race :: hibernation : ?
(A) winter
(B) bear
(C) dream
(D) sleep
D · sleep
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Find the 2nd number of the 2nd pair:- 9876 : 7654 :: 4673 : ?
(A) 2637
(B) 2451
(C) 3462
(D) 3642
D · 3642
PYQ · 2023
Tap to reveal →
Find the next term in the series: 7, 12, 17, ?
B · 22
This is an arithmetic series with first term a=7 and common difference d=5 (12-7=5, 17-12=5). The next term is 17 + 5 = 22. Option B matches this value.
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Determine which of the following sequences is arithmetic: (A) 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 (B) 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 (C) 1, 4, 9, 16, 25 (D) 3, 6, 12, 24, 48
A · A
An arithmetic sequence has constant difference between consecutive terms. For (A): 4-2=2, 6-4=2, 8-6=2, 10-8=2 (constant d=2). Others are geometric or quadratic. Option A is correct.
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Find the next number in the series: 5, 7, 9, 11, ?
B · 13
Arithmetic series with common difference d=2 (7-5=2, 9-7=2, 11-9=2). Next term: 11 + 2 = 13. Option B is correct.
PYQ · 2026
Tap to reveal →
Complete the series: 13² = 169, 17² = ?, where next prime after 13 is 17.
C · 289
\(13^2 = 169\), next prime 17, \(17^2 = 289\). Pattern is squares of consecutive prime numbers starting from 13. Option C is 289.
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Statement: Gold prices are rising each day in the market.
Conclusion I: Nobody wears gold nowadays.
Conclusion II: It has become tougher to locate gold.
Which of the following conclusions follows from the statement?
D · Neither conclusion I nor II follows
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Statement: Most students in the class passed the exam.
Conclusion I: All students passed the exam.
Conclusion II: Some students failed the exam.
Which of the following conclusions follows from the statement?
B · Only conclusion II follows
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Statement: The old order changed yielding place to new.
Conclusion I: Change is the law of nature.
Conclusion II: Discard old ideas because they are old.
Which of the following conclusions follows from the statement?
A · Only conclusion I follows
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Statements:
No women teacher can play.
Some women teachers are athletes.
Conclusions:
I. Male athletes can play.
II. Some athletes can play.
D · D. Neither I nor II follows
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Statements:
All dogs are mammals.
Some mammals are cats.
Conclusions:
I. All dogs are cats.
II. Some cats are dogs.
D · D. Neither I nor II follows
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Statements:
All ways are waters.
Some waters are currents.
Conclusions:
I. Some ways are currents.
II. Some currents are ways.
D · D. Neither I nor II follows
PYQ · 2023
Tap to reveal →
In a certain code language, 'FRIEND' is written as 'JQHOGQF'. How is 'ENEMY' written in that code language?
B · GPGPZA
PYQ · 2024
Tap to reveal →
Find the next number in the series: 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, ?
B · 37
The series follows the pattern of consecutive squares plus 1: \(1^2 +1 = 2\), \(2^2 +1 = 5\), \(3^2 +1 = 10\), \(4^2 +1 = 17\), \(5^2 +1 = 26\), \(6^2 +1 = 37\). Next term is 37. Option B.
PYQ · 2022
Tap to reveal →
A, B, C, D, and E are standing in a row. A is between B and D. C is immediately to the left of D. E is immediately to the right of B. Who is at the extreme right end?
C · C
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
If all pencils are pens, some pens are erasers, and all erasers are sharpeners, which of the following is true?
A · Some sharpeners are pens
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Using the same payoff table as above: (b) Which option should Steve choose if he uses the **maximin (conservative)** criterion?
C · No change
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
Using the same payoff table: (c) Which option should Steve choose if he uses the **minimax regret** criterion?
A · Expand
PYQ
Tap to reveal →
The expected value of perfect information places an upper bound as to what one might be willing to pay for additional information to aid in making a decision. a. True b. False
A · True
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best defines inductive reasoning?
B · Drawing general conclusions based on specific observations
Inductive reasoning involves making generalizations based on specific instances or observations.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which principle is fundamental to inductive reasoning?
A · If all observed cases have a property, then all cases have that property
Inductive reasoning assumes that patterns observed in specific cases apply generally, though it may not guarantee certainty.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the diagram below showing a number sequence: 2, 6, 12, 20, ?. What is the next number in the sequence?
C · 32
The pattern adds consecutive even numbers: 2+4=6, 6+6=12, 12+8=20, so next is 20+12=32.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the next figure in the pattern sequence shown in the diagram below.
D · A square inside a triangle
The pattern alternates shapes with an inner shape changing in a specific order; the next logical figure is a square inside a triangle.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What is the next number in the series: 3, 9, 27, 81, ?
C · 243
Each term is multiplied by 3 to get the next term: 3×3=9, 9×3=27, 27×3=81, so next is 81×3=243.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the flowchart below representing a reasoning process. What is the correct conclusion based on the flowchart?
A · If A then B is always true
The flowchart shows a direct cause-effect from A to B, indicating if A occurs, B follows.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
From the specific instances: "All observed swans are white", which generalization is an example of inductive reasoning?
A · All swans are white
Inductive reasoning generalizes that all swans are white based on observed instances, though it may not be certain.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following is a valid generalization from the statements: "John has a red car", "Mary has a red car", "Alex has a red car"?
B · Some people have red cars
From specific instances, the valid generalization is that some people have red cars.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the cause-effect diagram below. Which effect is most likely caused by increased rainfall?
B · Flooding
Increased rainfall typically causes flooding, as shown in the cause-effect diagram.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best illustrates a cause-effect relationship?
A · Studying hard leads to better exam results
Studying hard logically causes better exam results, showing a valid cause-effect relationship.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Based on the pattern of past sales shown in the diagram, what is the most reasonable prediction for next month’s sales?
C · Sales will increase moderately
The diagram shows a steady upward trend in sales, so a moderate increase is the most reasonable prediction.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which hypothesis can be formed from the observation that "Plants grow faster when exposed to blue light"?
C · Blue light promotes faster plant growth
The observation suggests the hypothesis that blue light promotes faster plant growth.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best defines inductive reasoning?
B · Drawing general conclusions based on specific observations
Inductive reasoning involves making generalizations based on specific instances or observations.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which principle is fundamental to inductive reasoning?
A · If all observed instances have a property, then all instances have that property
Inductive reasoning assumes that patterns observed in specific cases hold true for all cases, though it does not guarantee certainty.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the diagram below showing a sequence of shapes. What is the next shape in the sequence?
D · A triangle pointing downwards
The sequence alternates between triangles pointing upwards and downwards, so the next shape is a triangle pointing downwards.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the missing number in the series: 3, 6, 12, 24, __, 96
B · 48
Each number is multiplied by 2 to get the next number: 3×2=6, 6×2=12, 12×2=24, so next is 24×2=48.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the diagram below showing a number series with a complex pattern. What is the next number in the series?
A · 65
The series increases by 5, then 10 alternately: 10 (+5) 15 (+10) 25 (+5) 30 (+10) 40 (+5) 45 (+10) 55 (+5) 60, so next is 60 + 5 = 65.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
From the following specific observations, which generalization is most reasonable? "In a survey of 100 students, 90 preferred online classes over traditional classes."
B · Most students prefer online classes
Based on the sample, it is reasonable to generalize that most students prefer online classes, but not all.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following is an example of an invalid generalization?
A · After seeing three white swans, concluding all swans are white
Generalizing that all swans are white based on limited observation is invalid because black swans exist.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the cause-effect diagram below. If "Heavy Rain" causes "Flooding" and "Flooding" causes "Road Closures," what is the indirect effect of Heavy Rain?
A · Road Closures
Heavy Rain indirectly causes Road Closures through Flooding as an intermediate cause.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best describes a cause-effect relationship?
B · One event directly influencing the occurrence of another
A cause-effect relationship means one event directly causes another event to happen.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the flowchart below representing a hypothesis formation process. Which step logically follows after "Observation"?
B · Forming a hypothesis
After making observations, the next step in inductive reasoning is to form a hypothesis.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following is an example of prediction based on inductive reasoning?
A · Predicting that the next coin toss will be heads because the last three were heads
Predicting the next outcome based on previous patterns is an example of inductive reasoning.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the diagram below showing a hypothesis testing flowchart. If the hypothesis is disproved, what is the next logical step?
B · Modify the hypothesis and retest
If a hypothesis is disproved, it should be modified and retested to refine the prediction.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best defines an analogy in logical reasoning?
B · A relationship between two pairs of words based on a common connection
An analogy in logical reasoning is a relationship between two pairs of words where the relationship between the first pair is similar to the relationship between the second pair.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the analogy: "Bird is to Fly as Fish is to ?"
A · Swim
The relationship is based on the function or ability: Birds fly, similarly fish swim.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following pairs represents a 'Part-Whole' type of analogy?
A · Wheel : Car
Wheel is a part of a car, so this is a part-whole relationship.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Choose the pair that best illustrates a Cause-Effect analogy similar to: "Fire : Burn"
C · Knife : Cut
Knife causes cutting, just as fire causes burning. This is a cause-effect relationship.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the correct analogy: "Cold is to Freezing as Hot is to ?"
A · Boiling
Cold relates to freezing as hot relates to boiling, showing a degree analogy.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following pairs shows a Synonym analogy similar to "Happy : Joyful"?
A · Sad : Unhappy
Sad and unhappy are synonyms, similar to happy and joyful.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which technique is most effective for solving the analogy: "Book : Reading :: Knife : ?"
A · Identify the function of the first item and apply it to the second
The function of a book is for reading, similarly the function of a knife is for cutting.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Solve the analogy using elimination technique: "Doctor : Hospital :: Teacher : ?"
A · School
Doctors work in hospitals; similarly, teachers work in schools. The elimination technique helps remove unrelated options.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the following analogy: "Sun : Daylight :: Moon : ?"
Which option best applies this analogy in a logical reasoning context?
A · Nighttime
Sun produces daylight during the day, similarly the moon is associated with nighttime. This tests the application of analogies in reasoning.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following pairs is an analogy and NOT just a similarity or difference?
C · Pen : Write (Relationship between object and function)
Pen : Write shows a functional relationship, which is an analogy. The others are either similarities or differences, not analogies.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following pairs represents a Part-Whole analogy?
A · Finger : Hand
A Part-Whole analogy relates a part to the whole it belongs to. A finger is part of a hand.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the Cause-Effect analogy from the options below:
A · Rain : Flood
Cause-Effect analogies show a cause and its direct effect. Rain can cause flooding.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which analogy best illustrates the Function type?
A · Knife : Cut
Function analogies relate an object to its primary function. A knife is used to cut.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What is the relationship between the word pair: "Teacher : Educate"?
A · Agent : Action
The teacher is the agent who performs the action of educating.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Select the pair that shows a Degree relationship:
A · Warm : Hot
Degree analogies show gradation or intensity difference. Warm is a lesser degree of hot.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following pairs best represents a Characteristic analogy?
A · Snake : Venomous
Characteristic analogies relate an object to its inherent quality. Snakes are venomous.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
In a problem-solving context, if "Book : Read" is analogous to "Recipe : ?", what is the correct analogy?
A · Cook
Just as a book is read, a recipe is used by a cook to prepare food.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which analogy requires multiple reasoning steps to solve? "Seed : Tree :: Idea : ?"
A · Innovation
A seed grows into a tree; similarly, an idea can grow into an innovation, requiring multiple conceptual steps.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which pair best distinguishes similarity from difference? Choose the pair that is most similar in nature.
A · Lion : Tiger
Lion and tiger are both big cats and share many characteristics, showing similarity more than the other pairs.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the odd one out based on the analogy: "Cold : Freeze :: Hot : ?"
C · Warm
Cold causes freezing, hot causes boiling or heating, but 'warm' is a degree, not an effect, so it is the odd one out.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
If the analogy "2 : 8 :: 3 : ?" is based on a function f(x) = x^x - x, what is the value corresponding to 3?
A · 24
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Consider the analogy: "(5, 7) : 84 :: (3, 9) : ?", where the number corresponds to the product of the sum and difference of the two numbers. Find the missing number.
C · 72
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
If the analogy "Triangle : 3 :: Pentagon : ?" is based on the sum of internal angles divided by the number of sides, what is the value corresponding to Pentagon?
A · 108
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
In the analogy "Square : 4 :: Hexagon : ?", if the number corresponds to the number of diagonals, find the missing number.
A · 9
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Given the analogy: "2 : 3 :: 3 : ?", where the second number is the smallest prime factor of (first number factorial + 1), find the missing number.
B · 7
Step 1: For 2: 2! + 1 = 2 + 1 = 3.
Step 2: Smallest prime factor of 3 is 3.
Step 3: For 3: 3! + 1 = 6 + 1 = 7.
Step 4: Smallest prime factor of 7 is 7.
Step 5: Therefore, answer is 7.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
If the analogy "(4, 5) : 9 :: (7, 11) : ?" is based on the greatest common divisor (GCD) plus the least common multiple (LCM) of the two numbers, find the missing number.
A · 78
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
In the analogy "(A, 1) : 27 :: (B, 2) : ?", where the number is the cube of the sum of the alphabetical position of the letter and the number, find the missing number.
B · 125
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
If the analogy "(x, y) : x^2 + y^2 :: (3, 4) : ?" is given, but the twist is that the output is the square root of the sum of squares multiplied by the difference of x and y, find the missing number.
D · 35
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Given the analogy "(2, 3) : 5 :: (5, 12) : ?", where the number corresponds to the hypotenuse of a right triangle with legs equal to the two numbers, find the missing number.
A · 13
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
If the analogy "(x, y) : x*y + x + y :: (4, 5) : ?" is given, find the missing number.
A · 29
Step 1: Calculate x*y + x + y for (4,5):
4*5 + 4 + 5 = 20 + 9 = 29.
Step 2: Therefore, answer is 29.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
In the analogy "(7, 9) : 16 :: (11, 15) : ?", where the number corresponds to the absolute difference between the sum and product of the two numbers, find the missing number.
C · 170
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next number in the series: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ?
C · 42
The pattern adds consecutive even numbers: 2 (+4) 6 (+6) 12 (+8) 20 (+10) 30 (+12) 42.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What is the missing number in the series: 81, 64, 49, 36, ?, 16?
A · 25
The series is squares of descending integers: 9², 8², 7², 6², 5², 4². Missing number is 5² = 25.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next number in the series: 3, 9, 27, 81, ?
A · 243
Each term is multiplied by 3: 3×3=9, 9×3=27, 27×3=81, so next is 81×3=243.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What is the next number in the series: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, ?
B · 64
The series is perfect squares: 1², 2², 3², ..., 7² = 49, so next is 8² = 64.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next letter in the series: A, C, F, J, O, ?
B · T
The positions increase by 2, 3, 4, 5: A(1)+2=C(3), C+3=F(6), F+4=J(10), J+5=O(15), next +6= T(20).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What is the next letter in the series: Z, X, U, Q, L, ?
A · F
The pattern subtracts 2, 3, 4, 5: Z(26)-2=X(24), X-3=U(21), U-4=Q(17), Q-5=L(12), next -6=F(6).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next letter in the series: B2, D4, F6, H8, ?
A · J10
Letters increase by 2 (B, D, F, H, J) and numbers increase by 2 (2,4,6,8,10).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What comes next in the series: 1A, 3C, 6F, 10J, 15O, ?
A · 21U
Numbers are triangular numbers: 1,3,6,10,15, next 21; letters increase by 2,3,4,5,6: A,C,F,J,O,U.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the next figure in the pattern: ▲, ▼, ▲▲, ▼▼, ▲▲▲, ?
A · ▼▼▼
The pattern alternates between upward and downward triangles, increasing count by one each time.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
In a pattern, the number of dots in each figure follows: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, ?. What is the next number of dots?
B · 21
The numbers are triangular numbers: 1,3,6,10,15, next is 21 (\( \frac{7 \times 8}{2} \)).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
If A=1, B=2, C=3, and so on, what is the code for the series: 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, ?
C · H
Numbers correspond to letters: 3=C, 6=F, 9=I, 12=L, 15=O, next 18=R, so code is 'R'.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
In a coded series, if CAT is coded as 3120 and DOG as 4157, what is the code for GOD?
B · 7145
Mapping letters to digits as per code: G=7, O=1, D=4, so GOD = 7145.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Arrange the following words in a logical sequence: 1) Seed 2) Tree 3) Sapling 4) Fruit
A · 1, 3, 2, 4
Logical growth sequence: Seed → Sapling → Tree → Fruit.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Arrange the following numbers in a logical sequence: 27, 9, 3, 81, 1
A · 81, 27, 9, 3, 1
Numbers arranged in descending powers of 3: 3^4=81, 3^3=27, 3^2=9, 3^1=3, 3^0=1.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next number in the series: 3, 6, 12, 24, ?
B · 48
Each number is multiplied by 2 to get the next number: 3×2=6, 6×2=12, 12×2=24, so next is 24×2=48.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What is the missing number in the series: 5, 10, 20, 40, __, 160?
C · 80
The series doubles each time: 5×2=10, 10×2=20, 20×2=40, 40×2=80, 80×2=160.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the next number in the series: 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, ?
B · 37
The pattern adds consecutive odd numbers starting from 3: 2+3=5, 5+5=10, 10+7=17, 17+9=26, so next is 26+11=37.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next number in the series: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, ?
C · 36
The series consists of perfect squares: 1^2=1, 2^2=4, 3^2=9, 4^2=16, 5^2=25, so next is 6^2=36.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What comes next in the alphabet series: A, C, F, J, O, ?
B · T
The pattern increases by 2, 3, 4, 5 letters respectively: A(+2)C, C(+3)F, F(+4)J, J(+5)O, so O(+6)T.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next letter in the series: Z, X, U, Q, L, ?
A · F
The pattern subtracts 2, 3, 4, 5 letters respectively: Z(-2)X, X(-3)U, U(-4)Q, Q(-5)L, so L(-6)F.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What is the next letter in the series: B, D, G, K, P, ?
A · V
The pattern adds 2, 3, 4, 5 letters respectively: B(+2)D, D(+3)G, G(+4)K, K(+5)P, so P(+6)V.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the next term in the mixed series: 2, B, 4, D, 6, F, ?
A · 8
The series alternates between even numbers increasing by 2 and letters increasing by 2 in the alphabet: 2, B(2nd), 4, D(4th), 6, F(6th), so next is 8.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next term in the series: A1, C3, E5, G7, ?
A · I9
Letters increase by 2 positions: A, C, E, G, I; numbers increase by 2: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9; so next term is I9.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What comes next in the mixed series: 1, A, 4, D, 9, G, 16, ?
A · I
Numbers are perfect squares: 1,4,9,16; letters increase by 3 positions: A, D, G, J; so next letter is J.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next figure in the pattern: ★, ★★, ★★★, ★★★★, ?
A · ★★★★★
The pattern increases the number of stars by one each time: 1, 2, 3, 4, so next is 5 stars.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the next pattern in the sequence: ▲, ▼, ▲▲, ▼▼, ▲▲▲, ?
A · ▼▼▼
The pattern alternates between ▲ and ▼ with increasing counts: 1,1,2,2,3, so next is ▼▼▼.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What is the next figure in the pattern? Circle, Triangle, Square, Circle, Triangle, ?
A · Square
The pattern repeats every three shapes: Circle, Triangle, Square, so after Triangle comes Square.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next number in the logical progression: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, ?
B · 21
These are triangular numbers: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 correspond to \( \frac{n(n+1)}{2} \) for n=1 to 5, so next is \( \frac{6\times7}{2} = 21 \).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
What is the next number in the progression: 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, ?
C · 42
The numbers correspond to \( n(n+1) \) for n=1 to 6: 1×2=2, 2×3=6, 3×4=12, 4×5=20, 5×6=30, so next is 6×7=42.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Find the next number in the series: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, ?
C · 49
This is a series of perfect squares: 1^2, 2^2, 3^2, 4^2, 5^2, 6^2, so next is 7^2=49.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best describes a cause and effect relationship?
B · A scenario where one event leads to the occurrence of another event
A cause and effect relationship means that one event (the cause) directly leads to another event (the effect).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
If heavy rainfall occurs, which of the following is most likely the effect?
B · Flooding in low-lying areas
Heavy rainfall typically causes flooding in low-lying areas as water accumulates beyond drainage capacity.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following statements correctly identifies the cause in a cause-effect pair?
A · The roads are wet because it rained last night.
Rainfall is the cause that leads to wet roads (effect). The other options incorrectly reverse or disconnect cause and effect.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
An increase in pollution levels has led to a rise in respiratory diseases. What is the cause here?
B · Increase in pollution levels
The increase in pollution levels is the cause that leads to the effect of more respiratory diseases.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
A factory closed down leading to unemployment in the town. Which of the following is the strongest cause for unemployment?
A · Closure of the factory
The closure of the factory directly causes unemployment by removing jobs, whereas other options are unrelated or weak causes.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following is the most likely effect of a sudden power outage in a city?
B · Traffic signal failures causing congestion
A power outage causes traffic signals to fail, leading to traffic congestion. Other options are not direct effects of a power outage.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
If a person exercises regularly, which of the following is the most probable effect?
B · Improved cardiovascular health
Regular exercise improves cardiovascular health, which is a direct positive effect.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
A sudden increase in fuel prices causes which of the following effects most directly?
C · Rise in transportation costs
Higher fuel prices directly cause transportation costs to rise; other options are either opposite or indirect effects.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following is the weakest cause for the effect: "Students perform poorly in exams"?
D · The school has a good library
Having a good library is unlikely to cause poor performance; it is a weak or irrelevant cause compared to others.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Among the following, which is the strongest effect of deforestation?
B · Loss of biodiversity
Deforestation leads directly to loss of biodiversity; other options are incorrect or opposite effects.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Arrange the following events in the correct logical sequence:
1. Traffic jam occurs
2. Road construction begins
3. Commuters take longer to reach work
4. Increased number of vehicles on road
A · 4 → 2 → 1 → 3
Increased vehicles (4) cause road construction (2) to start, which leads to traffic jam (1), causing commuters to take longer (3).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following sequences correctly shows cause and effect?
A · Heavy rain → Flooding → Crop damage
Heavy rain causes flooding, which in turn causes crop damage, showing a logical cause-effect sequence.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following is an example of multiple causes leading to a single effect?
A · Poor diet and lack of exercise causing obesity
Obesity can result from multiple causes such as poor diet and lack of exercise, unlike single cause-effect pairs.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best illustrates multiple effects resulting from a single cause?
A · Smoking causes lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory problems
Smoking leads to multiple effects including lung cancer, heart disease, and respiratory problems.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Identify the logical fallacy in the statement: "Since the rooster crows before sunrise, the rooster causes the sun to rise."
A · Post hoc fallacy
This is a post hoc fallacy, assuming that because one event precedes another, it causes the other.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following is an example of a common logical fallacy in cause and effect reasoning?
A · Assuming that correlation implies causation
Assuming correlation implies causation is a common fallacy where two related events are incorrectly assumed to have a cause-effect relationship.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best describes a cause and effect relationship?
B · One event directly leads to another event
A cause and effect relationship means one event (the cause) directly leads to another event (the effect).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
If heavy rainfall causes flooding in a city, what is the effect in this scenario?
B · Flooding in the city
The effect is the flooding in the city which results from the cause, heavy rainfall.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following statements correctly identifies the cause in the scenario: "Due to a power outage, the traffic lights stopped working causing traffic jams"?
B · Power outage caused traffic jams
The power outage is the cause that led to the effect of traffic jams.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the diagram below showing a cause-effect tree for a factory production delay.
Which of the following is an indirect cause of the delay?
D · Raw material shortage
Raw material shortage is an indirect cause because it leads to supplier delay, which then causes the production delay.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following is a direct cause of a student's poor exam performance?
A · Lack of sleep the night before
Lack of sleep the night before directly affects exam performance, while other factors are indirect or contributing causes.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best distinguishes a direct cause from an indirect cause?
B · Direct cause immediately leads to effect; indirect cause leads through intermediate events
A direct cause leads immediately to an effect, while an indirect cause influences the effect through intermediate steps.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the diagram below showing two events: Ice cream sales increase and drowning incidents increase.
Which statement best describes the relationship between these events?
C · Both events are correlated due to a third factor
Both events increase during summer (third factor), showing correlation but not direct causation.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following scenarios illustrates correlation but NOT causation?
B · Increased ice cream sales and increased shark attacks during summer
Ice cream sales and shark attacks both increase in summer but one does not cause the other; they are correlated due to a third factor (summer).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the event sequence diagram below.
Which event logically follows immediately after Event B?
B · Event C
According to the sequence, Event C follows immediately after Event B.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
In a sequence of events, if Event X causes Event Y, and Event Y causes Event Z, which of the following is true?
C · Event X indirectly causes Event Z
Event X indirectly causes Event Z through Event Y as an intermediate event.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the flowchart below representing a sequence of events leading to a system failure.
Which event is the immediate cause of the system failure?
B · Hardware malfunction
The flowchart shows hardware malfunction directly leading to system failure.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following best describes multiple causes leading to a single effect?
B · Multiple causes independently lead to the same effect
Multiple causes independently or together can lead to the same effect.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the diagram below showing multiple causes leading to two effects.
Which cause leads to both Effect 1 and Effect 2?
B · Cause B
Cause B branches to both Effect 1 and Effect 2 in the diagram.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following scenarios best illustrates multiple effects resulting from a single cause?
A · A power outage causes traffic lights to fail and disrupts internet services
A single cause (power outage) leads to multiple effects (traffic light failure and internet disruption).
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following cause-effect statements is valid?
A · If it rains, the ground gets wet
Rain causes the ground to get wet, so the cause-effect statement is valid. The other statements are either reversed or incorrect.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which statement correctly evaluates this cause-effect claim: "Wearing a lucky charm causes good exam results"?
B · The claim shows correlation, not causation
Wearing a lucky charm may correlate with good results due to confidence, but it does not directly cause the results.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Which of the following statements is NOT a valid cause-effect relationship?
C · Carrying an umbrella causes rain
Carrying an umbrella does not cause rain; this is an invalid cause-effect statement.
Question bank
Tap to reveal →
Refer to the diagram below showing a cause-effect puzzle involving three events: A, B, and C.
If Event A causes Event B, and Event C occurs only if Event B does not happen, which event(s) must occur if Event A happens?
B · Events A and B only
If Event A causes Event B, then Event B must occur when A happens. Event C occurs only if B does not happen, so C will not occur.
